【讀書筆記】How will you measure your life

Harvard Business Review, 2010, 7-8. Clayton Christensen.
(http://hbr.org/2010/07/how-will-you-measure-your-life/ar/pr)
中文：讀者文摘，2011-04, 「快樂人生 管理有道」

Harvard Business School 對2010班畢業的課程講話。
經濟冰風暴後，學校、老師、學生都開始重新定位、思考教育及人生目標等大哉問。

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Q1. How can I be sure that I'll be happy in my career?
我如何確保職業生涯中自己會快樂？

• the powerful motivator in our lives isnʼt money; itʼs the opportunity to learn, grow in responsibilities, contribute to others, and be recognized for achievements.
• More and more MBA students come to school thinking that a career in business means buying, selling, and investing in companies. Thatʼs unfortunate. Doing deals doesnʼt yield the deep rewards that come from building up people.

Q2. How can I be sure that my relationships with my spouse and my family become an enduring source of happiness?
我如何確保我和我配偶、家人的關係能夠成為持久快樂的泉源？

• Because companies's decision-making systems are designed to steer investments to initiatives that offer the most tangible and immediate returns, companies shortchange investments in initiatives that are crucial to their long-term strategies.

Q3. How can I be sure I'll stay out of jail?
我如何確保自己不會淪落到鋃鐺入獄？


1. Allocate Your Resources 明智運用資源

• time, energy, and talent ultimately shape your lifeʼs strategy.

2. Create a Culture 營造家庭文化

• the extent to which members of the organization agree on what they want from their participation in the enterprise, and the extent to which they agree on what actions will produce the desired results.
• Use "power tools”—coercion, threats, punishment, and so on to secure cooperation
• Families have cultures, just as companies do. Those cultures can be built consciously or evolve inadvertently.
• But there comes a point during the teen years when power tools no longer work.

3. Avoid the "Marginal Costs" Mistake 拒抗只此一次

• how to live a life of integrity (stay out of jail),  when we choose between right and wrong. "just this once"
• this doctrine, Marginal Cost, biases companies to leverage what they have put in place to succeed in the past, instead of guiding them to create the capabilities they'll need in the future.
• Youʼve got to define for yourself what you stand for and draw the line in a safe place.

4. Remember the Importance of Humility 常保謙卑

• But if you have a humble eagerness to learn something from everybody, your learning opportunities will be unlimited.
• Generally, you can be humble only if you feel really good about yourself—and you want to help those around you feel really good about themselves, too.

5. Choose the Right Yardstick 選擇正確標準

• Donʼt worry about the level of individual prominence you have achieved; worry about the individuals you have helped become better people. 
• Think about the metric by which your life will be judged, and make a resolution to live every day so that in the end, your life will be judged a success.

聖經何用

「不知道大學所學何用？大一新生有兩門課，二選一：希臘羅馬史，聖經。」既然是外文系，對於西方文化的起源自當有所認識，聽來合理。

「有用的，如果你去希臘、羅馬旅行，不懂這些你看不懂的。」

「我可以去別的地方旅行啊！」

「如果不知道聖經，你就無法欣賞達文西的最後晚餐，或是Dan Brown的小說，達文西密碼，天使與魔鬼等。」

「你們在以色列不是有分公司嗎！聖經可以說是猶太人的歷史，如果你對以色列的歷史、文化、宗教缺乏基本的認識，請問你如何跟他們共事，甚至管理呢！」

拔牙紀

醫生說：「先做牙周病治療，順便得處理掉幾顆不堪用的爛牙」，安排了幾次門診的時間，奈何有一顆牙沒那麼聽話，動搖的厲害，不只牙痛，還連帶頭痛，苦不堪言，只得打電話給醫院緊急提前安排門診先拔牙。

打了麻醉後，忽感心跳加速，只聽見鉗子搖動兩下，下來了，但事情還未結束，只聽得"刮骨"聲不斷，醫生說他得把餘下的爛肉刮除，吁......。

結束後醫生、護士交代了止血、術後及服藥須知。

不知道因為是醫生菜，還是醫院規定的，解說很詳盡，醫院的好處是人多，設備好，還有別科的支援，有事急診室就在旁邊。而診所就靠一個人獨撐，碰到麻煩的手術，時間如果又長，對診所醫生而言是風險大又不賺錢的生意，不接也罷。

難怪診所醫生針對Ray的橫向智齒給的意見是，這要去醫院動手術。

有時後我們得面臨這樣的選擇：去醫院給菜鳥醫生練習，還是去看診所老醫師。

鐵馬江湖道

朋友與老闆

熱鬧的醫院門診室外，有人坐著等叫號，沒位子的就站在走道上，護士來回走著跟看完診的人說明醫師的處置。

走道的另一邊傳來笑聲，兩個手持文件、辦事員模樣的女人熱烈地聊著：
「真是過分，過個年用簡訊拜年，想不到有回覆的都不是去年那一票人。」大聲說著，然後繼續意猶未盡的抱怨：「跟朋友抱怨，朋友回說：『就那麼熟了，過年又忙，就沒回！』，真是XXX，就是過年難得嘛，這樣還算是朋友嗎！」

「這年頭，大家都忙，如果沒有業務往來，交集少了，自然就比較疏遠，這也是人之常情！」她的同伴安慰著，並勝利地發佈最勁爆的消息，「嘿！你知道嗎，新老闆上任，我們最近被操到不行。」

「新老闆上任，那不是蜜月期，大家HAPPY HAPPY？」

「才不呢！我們當部屬的責任就是要幫助新老闆趕快進入狀況，妳不知道有多慘，新老闆完全狀況外，上星期五一整天，什麼正事也沒作，就坐在會議室開會，其實是在幫新老闆熟悉業務。」

「這年頭還有這樣的老闆跟部屬，真是稀有！」

聽到這一段對話時，我正無聊地看著雜誌，貼牆而站等護士叫號，我在想，這年頭朋友與老闆的替換率還真高，只是朋友來去，不想它比較像是無痛；老闆來去，好像還非得雞飛狗跳不可。